Many of Starfleet's starbases serve a specialized role, Jupiter Station serves as one of the Federation's primary holographic research facilities.

Starfleet Command has a long history of using orbital platforms for vital research and development purposes. The deployment of Earth Station McKinley, and the continual expansion of the Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards at Mars, illustrate Starfleet's commitment to this kind of facility. The Jupiter Station is a massive spacestation that orbits Jupiter in Sol System. Among other things, serves as Doctor Lewis Zimmerman's, the 'father' of modern holography, holographic research laboratory. Dr. Zimmerman programmed the Emergency Medical Holograms at Jupiter Station. The choice of an orbital station for such important work may seem strange, but the self-contained nature of such a facility makes it relatively easy to secure and maintain ideal conditions for experimentation for the doctor and his team, which included Lieutenant Barclay, in charge of testing the EMH's interpersonal skills, after his final tour of duty aboard the USS Enterprise NCC-1701-D.

The exterior of Jupiter Station is impressively imposing, with two sets of three large saucer-shaped modules arranged one on top of another by a number of connecting beams, which allows internal transfer between the two halves of the station. The central areas on the top of the uppermost saucers carry an array of sensors and antennas, which facilitate communication between the station and vessels light years away. Located beneath the lowest saucer modules are two smaller circular structures, consisting of multiple decks and viewing ports. Directly below them are long narrow columns that support a number of slender tanks. The interior of Jupiter Station follows standard Starfleet designs in its use of colors, materials, and general layout. Dr. Zimmerman's complex has spacious, comfortable surroundings in which to live, closely connected to a state-of-the-art research laboratory. Food replicators and living quarters are available to both permanent staff and visiting workers. There are a number of leisure facilities for the personnel aboard the station, including at least one cafe and, unsurprisingly for the birthplace of modern holographic technology, several holosuites.